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Task
Group Meeting - Paris, 3rd April 2002 [pdf
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Task Group Project Meeting - Paris, 10th December 2002 [pdf
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Task
Group Project Meeting - Munich, 3rd February 2003
[pdf
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Task
Group Project Meeting - Esslingen-a-N, 21st March 2003
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Task
Group Project Meeting - Herrsching, 13th February 2004 [pdf
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MONET
Automotive Task Group Meeting - Paris, 3rd April 2002
Present:
Luca Console, Torino; Fulvio Cascio and Claudia Picardi, C.R.F;
Yuhong Yan and Philippe Dague, UP13; Peter Struss, OCCM; Janet Thomas,
MONET Administrator and Neal Snooke, UWA. Apologies from Neil Taylor,
First Earth.
Agenda
Activities of
the Task Group
1. Dissemination Material
2. Preparation of Roadmap for next year
3. Topics for Framework 6 Funding Expression of Interest
Any Other Business
Task Group
Activities
1. Dissemination
Materials
It was agreed
that Dissemination Materials needed to be produced and then sent
to targeted individuals and companies as well as to magazines and
periodicals within the Automotive Industry, with examples of the
current technologies. It was agreed that some of these materials
should be in the form of Management Overviews, with links to relevant
contacts and papers for those in the field.
Suggestions
as to types of materials to be used included
- Demo
versions of Systems for public/industrialists to try - Autosteve
and On Board Diagnosis. (Apparently this was intended for MONET1
but ran into problems such as what platforms to use.)
- Tutorials; An overview of MBS and how it relates to the Automotive
Industry
- These must all be accessible
- Flyers and other publicity materials such as magazine articles.
There was some
discussion on how and where do the Tutorials - live at various conferences
and workshops? Should it be available on-line as interactive software?
Also on what would be used and who would produce the material. Peter
Struss and Neal both have tutorials that could be used either as
whole or part of new tutorials. It was agreed that Neal, Janet and
possibly Chris Price would tie together all the available tutorial
materials. They would try to complete this task in time for DX meeting
in May.
There is also
the possibility of using these tutorials at other related events,
such as the MONET Summer School, the BDI Conference, Baden Baden
in September 2003, The ATA Workshop at San Serif (Fulvio to check
the dates and details) and Convergence 2002 in France.
Activities to
demonstrate what the dissemination materials can do were also discussed.
It was agreed that research would be required on how to introduce
and train for technology integration - following up from IDD.
2. Preparation
of Roadmap for next year
It was agreed
that this should include information on topics of interest to industry.
In view of the ensuing discussion on topics for FP6, it was decided
to await the return of the questionnaires being produced for this.
3. Framework
6 Topics
There has been
a call for Expressions of Interest relating to the FP6 funding.
The EoI asks for research topics likely to be of interest to the
European Community in general.
All present
read through the relevant paperwork and it was decided that a questionnaire
will be produced and sent to various individuals within the Automotive
Industry who have expressed an interest in being involved. The questionnaire
will identify and focus industrial problems that can be addressed
by MBS. It will also aim to promote standards to suppliers.
Various problems
are being considered at present including;
- Alarms on Renault's new A8 from Audi, which will have 60 ECU's
on board,
- The DC which will have 130 ECU's on board, and,
- Multiplex Architecture and interacting alarm showers.
- CAN BOS and FMEA work at Aberystwyth UWA with Ford.
(UWA are also
hoping to feed this work into First Earth along with the softFMEA
project which is ongoing and has two years to run. Additional work
is being done on Modeling Protocols using SDL etc.)
Everyone discussed
whether it would be better to have one general EoI or several very
specific ones. No real outcome was achieved.
The questionnaire
and supporting documents are to be prepared by Luca Console and
Fulvio Cascio by 15/4/02. They will also contact EUCAR to see what
assistance and advice is available. The questionnaire will give
specific problem examples and then state what MBS are available
and what they can do, then ask what their company uses, how it could
be improved, what problems there are, what is useful and what is
needed. Specific questions would be included regarding design process
and what problems there are.
Supporting documentation
will include
- the purpose of the questionnaire,
- a basic overview of MBS with a real introduction to the work processes
and appropriate tools, following the whole life cycle from the smooth
migration from early design to implementation including fault trees,
model re-use, model selection,
- how knowledge management can be applied to systems.
The questionnaire
will then be distributed to the various contacts in industry by
20/4/02 and the companies will be given a return deadline of beginning
of May.
The results
will be analysed and discussed by all Task Group Members who attend
DX meeting in Vienna. The findings will be incorporated and sent
as part of the Expression of Interest to the Commission by 7/6/02.
Further discussion
involved whether outside input should be included and if so from
whom and how to get specific feedback to identify industrial problems.
Organisations
that would definitely be contacted are
Ford Jaguar
Audi
Volkswagen
Siemens
BMW
Bosch
Daimler Chrysler
Genrad
DAF
Mr Seibolt
TU Bonnschweig
MONET Members
It was agreed that more information was required on future projects
as to what they would deliver and how to influence the work packages.
Various other
topics were suggested as being relevant to the EoI proposal, including
- Remote Diagnosis
- Telematics
- Testing Onboard Systems based on non-formal specifications
- Distributed Diagnosis and Prognostics
- Requirements in Electronic form instead of text documents.
Any Other
Business
a. Luca and
Peter would decide whether a meeting was necessary to discuss and
progress the FP6 Expression of Interest. 28th May was pencilled
in as a potential date for this if any outstanding issues had not
been resolved by email. They would contact any other TG members
who needed to attend or have input accordingly.
b. Members wanted
to know what the limitations were on their budget usage. Janet agreed
to get information and feed this back with the minutes.
c. How to recruit
and involve new members from the Automotive Industry (including
suppliers) was discussed. It was agreed that Members would notify
Janet with new contact details and she would send out New Member
information packs to them.
d. Details of
next meeting to be discussed and finalised at DX Meeting in Vienna
in May, and notified to MONET Admin for travel arrangements to be
made at an appropriate time.
MONET
Automotive Task Group Meeting - Paris, 10th December 2002
Integrated
Project Proposal
Attendance
List
|
Name
|
Institution
|
email
|
| Pierre
Aubin |
ACTIA |
aubin@actia.fr |
| Peter Baude |
BMW |
peter.baude@bmw.de |
| Fulvio
Cascio |
FIAT Research
Centre |
fulvio.cascio@crf.it |
| Luca Console |
Universita
di Torino |
luca.console@di.unito.it |
| Philippe
Dague |
University
of Paris 13 |
dague@lipn.univ-paris13.fr |
| Daniele
Theseider Dupré |
Univeristy
del Piemonte Orientale |
dtd@mfn.unipmn.it |
| Frank Henecker |
AUDI AG |
frank.henecker@audi.de |
| Thierry
Lecomte |
CLEARSY |
thierry.lecomte@clearsy.com |
| Bernd Rehfus |
DaimlerChrysler
AG |
bernd.rehfus@daimlerchrysler.com |
| Iain Russell |
MONET Network
of Excellence |
rir@aber.ac.uk |
| Sylvian
Sauvage |
TRIALOG |
sylvian.sauvage@trialog.com |
| Reinhard
Schrieber |
AUDI AG
|
reinhard.schieber@audi.de |
| Werner
Seibold |
R.O.S.E
Informatik |
w.seibold@rose.de |
| Georg Strobl |
R.O.S.E
Informatik |
g.strobl@rose.de |
| Peter Struss |
OCC'M Software |
struss@occm.de |
| Neil Taylor |
FirstEarth |
neil.taylor@firstearth.co.uk |
| Neal Snooke |
University
of Wales, Aberystwyth |
nns@aber.ac.uk |
| Louise
Travé-Massuyés |
LAAS-CNRS |
louise@laas.fr |
| Yuhong
Yan |
University
of Paris 13 |
yy@lipn.univ-paris13.fr |
Introduction
- Luca Console
Welcomed all of the participants and outlined the aim of the meeting
which was to see how the MONET Automotive Task Group can participate
in FP6.
Round Table
Introduction of Participants and Interest Area's
This session was for the participants to introduce them selves and
to quickly outline their areas of interest.
FirstEarth
- Modelling for design analysis
Audi - Hardware and in the loop systems with model testing
Audi (Servicing) - Model based diagnosis and engineering
Paris 13 - Model based diagnosis; social applications; IDD
DaimlerChrysler - Onboard diagnosis systems and predictive
diagnosis
Torino - Model based reasoning and diagnosis; applications
(VMBD and IDD)
FIAT - Model based reasoning applications (VMBD and IDD);
on-board diagnosis
Piemonte - Model based reasoning applications (VMBD and IDD)
ACTIA - Diagnostic tools
BMW - Analysing diagnostic tools (qualitative, quantitative
and statistical)
ROSE - Model based diagnosis; on / off-board analysis and
diagnosis
CASIS - Design analysis and diagnosis
CLEARSY - Model based design; system modelling
TRIALOG - Onboard systems to communicate with service centre
Introduction
to the MONET Network - Iain Russell
Welcomed the delegates on behalf of MONET; the European Network
of Excellence in Model Based Systems and Qualitative Reasoning.
Introduced the basic structure of MONET and its Task Groups and
described MONET's prime function of encouraging technological transfer
of MBS&QR techniques into industry.
Presentations
[Action - Participants
to send their presentations to Iain for distribution]
Reinhard
Schieber - Audi (Presentation
slides - pdf)
Main interests are in Model based testing. Current situation has
the model being generated only in the brain of engineers. This has
problems, i.e. no ability to re-use models; large number of system
variants; team work is difficult; tests missed; no auto linking.
Therefore there is a need for a model based testing tool for model
generation (one which could cover every project). This must also
be generic, online, etc. Their aim is to produce one model for whole
plant.
Project Proposal
- Analyse tools for project testing, generate prototype and introduce
to Industry.
Q. Can one model
be enough?
A. We do not want to change systems only to indicate specification
that may assist in development and testing. Begin with small model
and develop.
Q. Would this
model concatenate all layers of development, communication, function,
etc?
A. Primarily Functional Layer.
Q. Will you
use the model for automatic generation of test inputs?
A. Yes.
Q. Do you need
a more complex model for testing?
A. No we just require a model to describe behaviour of system.
Q. Is this a
qualitative model?
A. We use behaviour models and engine models both qualitative and
quantitative.
Q. OK or Fault
model?
A. OK - this should cover everything. Error detection not location.
Q. Is the model
used, the one that forms the specification?
A. Yes, no natural models. Rules are defined and this will create
the model, all other ways would involve reprogramming of systems.
Bernd Rehfus - Daimler Chrysler
Main Interests are in Knowledge Management tools, onboard system
integration for diagnosis and also Model-Based testing.
Main goals are
in preventive diagnosis and fault prevention. Could be in design
phase (reliability, fault tolerance), onboard (early warning, risk
analysis) or after sales (statistical analysis, fault information,
risk analysis, support for preventive maintenance).
Q. How do you
intend to achieve an onboard early warning system?
A. Monitor and check onboard indicators. Combine this with risk
analysis and also preventative maintenance.
Q. Do you want
to get indication of systems that are at risk, i.e. indication that
a component will be ok but will need replacing during the next maintenance?
A. Yes i.e. must be replaced within e.g. 1000 km to prevent an accident.
Q. Do you need
empirical data?
A. Yes.
Q. Do you have
access to it?
A. No unfortunately, but it must exist.
Luca Console
- Universite del Torino
VMBD - 96 to 99. On / Off board diagnosis and development of diagnostic
system. Used component model to perform diagnosis. Onboard application
based on machine learning and decision trees to aid onboard application.
Very encouraging results.
IDD - Continuation
of VMBD. VMBD showed that onboard diagnosis did not prove easy mainly
due to number and location of available sensors - sensors were there
for monitoring and not diagnosis. IDD has the goal of bringing diagnosis
forward in the lifecycle to control the design process. It studied
current design processes and identified where diagnosis issues are
taken into account. The aim was to design tools to be used by designer
to aid in the design process. The project has built these tools;
these could then be given design and sensor placement. The project
tools could then indicate what can be diagnosed and what can be
detected with existing sensors, also have design tools to support
FMEA and derive onboard diagnosis tools.
Q. What aspects
of a qualitative model can be transferred to quantitative?
A. Extraction of topology is not difficult, but precise specification
abstractions are difficult. Another problem is to extract mathematical
model into something qualitative.
Q. What are
the landmark criteria?
A. Based on Diagnosis models and discrepancies from OK model.
Q. If you derive
land marks this way how do you handle double / multi faults?
A. Diagnosis is only based on simple faults.
Q. Have you
assessed different approaches to model based diagnosis?
A. No only qualitative versus mathematical.
Werner Seibold - Rose
They take quantitative model and derived diagnostic rules and these
are executed in on-board car systems. The aim is to bridge the gap
between engineering and servicing issues. The process involves taking
ECAD drawings, component behaviour and logical bus connection information,
processing these and ending up with FMEA, fault trees, SCA, diagnostic
rules / trees and MBD. This system is automated and industry proven
and it not only covers electrical systems but also electronic, mechatronic
and mechanical systems.
Q. How do you
integrate functional aspects and constraints (behaviour) into you
models?
A. Depends on software, but take specification and model them. Each
functional aspect has to be specifically modelled.
Thyiere Lecomte
- ClearSy (Presentation
slides - pdf)
This system was designed to produce guidelines to Assistance Departments
for mechanics who were training to use the diagnostic system. The
process starts from design specifications and uses an event driven
process to produce natural language 'Formalized Operation Principles'
(FOP). The analysis was done by dividing the car into units and
modelling each unit, also must therefore define interfaces and it
is hoped that it could produce predictive models. The project ran
from June 1999 to December 2001. They are currently in the process
of specifying a higher level model for use at the start of the design
process and not just at the end.
Q. How does
the process go from design specs to B Model?
A. Peugeot don't want too get to technical, so ClearSy did the conversion
work but it is not difficult, for example it took 15 people to analyse
a car that 16000 people helped design.
Neil Taylor
- FirstEarth
FirstEarth develops commercial software to assist design engineers
when Analysing the safety and reliability of electrical systems.
Engineers are required to analyse each electrical system, and their
interactions with other systems. It is time consuming, generally
takes place too late in the lifecycle and is error prone. FirstEarth's
software uses qualitative models that enable earlier analysis. Process
starts with the schematics. Models of each component are attached
and simulated, automatically generating natural language reports.
Supports Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) and Sneak Circuit
Analysis.
Aim is to reuse
the same models for different types of analysis to support the process
from design to diagnosis.
Q. How do you
work with variant diversity?
A. The schematic tool will display a particular schematic for a
variant. The tool runs the analysis with the models attached to
the selected variant schematics.
Neal Snooke - UWA.
Two main Projects. Whole vehicle whole lifecycle - two ideas. Basic
idea is to address a whole car simulation; this has been tried but
it is only just manageable, even qualitatively. The aim is to reuse
abstracted results from qualitative behaviour for repetitive analysis
task thus reducing the computation required. The whole lifecycle
side involves using additional information to provide enhanced models
as the design develops. At each step through lifecycle there is
the ability to re-simulate and provide more detailed results as
more design information becomes available.
Soft FMEA -
current work has considered CAN buses. Work still to be done is
involved with fault mitigation work; using FMEA to show where models
could assist fault mitigation strategies. Not FMEA on software but
FMEA on some systems that include software.
Louise Travé-Massuyés
- CNRS LAAS
Research at LAAS covers micro electronic systems, automatic control
and computer science. With respect to diagnosis in Automotive domain
they use two approaches - model based and learning approaches.
MBR - (collaboration with ACTIA). Detects function and attempts
to isolate the component at fault - work devoted to restricted networks.
The main aim is to automatically produce diagnostic trees, like
those produced by garage mechanics, using models of component behaviour
and comparing them to fault behaviour models. These method, unfortunately
only work for anticipated faults but LAAS has recently developed
a purely qualitative approach using sign reasoning. This can identify
the relevant component without identifying fault.
Q. What does
topological model look like?
A. Model used by garage mechanics.
The second LAAS
project is work done within AWAKE. This projects looks at detection
of lack of driver attention and also the vehicle and the environment
as a whole. The project uses data analysis and learning algorithms.
Data is captured from both the vehicle and the environment and then
filtered, it then looks at online diagnosis systems as well as off
line learning box (details will include information such as the
drivers medical records).
BRIDGE
BRIDGE in the MONET Task Group is devoted to analysing the MBD methods
of AI and Control theory. Both these fields are working on the same
problems but they have very different methods. BRIDGE is looking
at the underlying commonalities and underlying principles. As the
work continues the differences are becoming clearer; for example,
FDI is primarily focused on fault detection, but within the DX community
it is fault isolation which is the main aim. Due to this difference
there is a very good chance for them to compliment each other.
Expression of Interest Discussions
MONET EoI
Many people here at this meeting responded to a Questionnaire sent
out by the MONET Automotive Task Group, it was this exercise which
lead to the Expression of Interest that was submitted for FP6. The
exercise identified four main topics;
Tools for knowledge management of technical knowledge via models.
On-board systems.
Model-based Testing.
Preventative Diagnosis - received highest ranking.
These four topics
could form part of proposal or be linked to other topics.
ACTIA EoI
Maintenance and technical management of transport systems. Similar
topic to MONET but more focused on after sales service. This proposal
will also include experiences of other sectors, i.e. aeronautic
and rail. Could integrate well to MONET proposal by integrating
with other sectors.
Basic idea is
that three areas are different but good parts could be taken from
each.
Rose EoI
1. Knowledge Management (esp. variant handling - they have ideas
and would like prototype - covered under Call 2 Knowledge Management).
2. Preventative Diagnosis. Automotive manufacturers are very interested
in this subject; basically, will a system survive a work shift.
Also
3. Test proposal for MBD in the Service Bay.
4. Clustering / partitioning / partial model abstraction.
BMW
Want to be able to do fault isolation with a minimum of effort -
cause and symptom. This is the main industrial goal. On top of this,
all diagnosis must happen on-board, this is due to a very high percentage
of errors (70 - 80%) which occur when the vehicle is being driven
and these are not design based. This means that it is not possible
to reproduce this error in dealership. Another issue is how do we
do this without adding sensors.
The overall
vision is to find out how we can take systems and build models over
the whole thing - including mechanical. This requires us to look
at exterior boundaries and means that diagnostics should be sufficient
to deal with these issues and also identify which part or unit needs
to be replaced. Existing sensors must be used so the plan is to
observe inputs and outputs to different sections.
DaimlerChrysler
- Most interested in Preventative Diagnosis. As well as MBD
for the Service bay.
Round Table Discussion Points
There is a EUCAR Integrated Project going ahead but not really related
to our topics. This will go in the first call for eSafety.
How do we go
forward, we need to identify commitment from parties.
By wire systems
may be one possible approach. This may also be an enabler for other
systems to be included.
Specific technologies
will not be in the text of the Call, we will have to state that
our technology is the answer to the call.
Section 2.1
of the work programme covers many of the areas that we have an interest
in, however it does not cover the post sales operation and services.
Industrialists
were asked to indicate which areas that they had the most interest
in.
1. Tools for
knowledge management of technical knowledge via models.
Audi, VW-Audi, ClearSy, Rose, FE, OCC'M
2. On-board
systems.
BMW, VW-Audi, FIAT, Trialog, ClearSy, ACTIA, OCC'M
3. Model-based
Testing.
Audi (primarily), DC (BMW), Rose, OCC'M
4. Preventative
Diagnosis
DC, FIAT, ACTIA, Rose, FE
Point two is
possibly the most challenging, point one will not stand on its own
as an Integrated Project, but it feeds into the rest. However, if
we go for number two there is the possibility of using some proportion
of the funds for point one.
In general,
the project does not have to be limited to model based technologies,
we could look at a comparative business model to investigate which
approach is most efficient. Above all there must be (and we must
demonstrate) strong business reasons for all that we attempting.
Other Partners
Peugeot & Renault possibly. We should possibly look at truck
companies as well.
Next Steps
Step 1: Drafts for proposals. Begin with bullets from EoI and identify
a company who would take each topic forward.
1. VW-Audi
2. BMW
3. Audi
4. Daimler Chrysler.
Two or three
pages, possibly the shorter the better and very clear cut.
Requirements
deadline: Jan 20th.
Step 2: Look
at Call, study it. Look for further partners.
Action - Iain
to set up mailing list for this group of people separate to automotive:
monet-autoFP6@aber.ac.uk
Step 3: Next
meeting should probably be in early February. One possibility is
February 3rd in Munich.
Automotive
Project Meeting
BMW, Munich - 3rd February 2003
Attendees;
|
Name
|
Institution
|
email
|
| Pierre
Aubin |
ACTIA |
aubin@actia.fr |
| Peter Baude |
BMW |
peter.baude@bmw.de |
| Luca Console |
Università
di Torino |
luca.console@di.unito.it |
| Philippe
Dague |
University
of Paris 13 |
dague@lipn.univ-paris13.fr |
| Frank Henecker |
AUDI AG |
frank.henecker@audi.de |
| Rüdiger
Lunde |
R.O.S.E
Informatik |
r.lunde@rose.de |
| Hervé Poulard |
ACTIA |
poulard@actia.fr |
| Bernd Rehfus |
DaimlerChrysler
AG |
bernd.rehfus@daimlerchrysler.com |
| Iain Russell |
MONET NoE |
rir@aber.ac.uk |
| Reinhard
Schieber |
AUDI AG |
reinhard.schieber@audi.de |
| Georg Strobl |
R.O.S.E
Informatik |
g.strobl@rose.de |
| Peter Struss |
OCC'M Software |
struss@occm.de |
NOTE:
Distribute the final minutes and Proposal Texts to all here present
and those at the Paris meeting. This needs to go to other potential
partners as well (id these with help of others at this meeting)
Abbreviations
used in this text.
IP('s) -
Integrated Project(s). A structure for a medium sized Project
under FP6.
STReP('s) - Specific Targeted Research Project(s). A structure
for a small Project under FP6.
CA('s) - Co-ordinated Actions. A structure for organising
workshops and information exchange under FP6.
FP6 - Framework Programme Six. The research funding released
by the European Commission to cover 2002 - 2006.
IDD - A Previous Automotive Diagnostic Project.
IST - Information Services Technologies. A section of the
European Commission dedicated to Information Technologies and their
applications.
MBD - Model Based Diagnosis.
MINUTES
Welcome from
Peter Baude (BMW).
Agenda by
Luca Console.
1. Study Call and identify keywords. The IDD Project Officer stated
automotive projects were unlikely in FP6, although this is an issue;
the text of the Call is not so negative.
2. Continue
discussion of topics from Paris and identify our interests and how
to move each section forward.
a. Tools for knowledge management of technical knowledge via models.
b. On-board systems; integration of control and diagnosis, software
solutions for the development of model-based diagnosis on-board.
c. Model-based Testing of embedded systems.
d. Preventive Diagnosis.
3. How to proceed
with project. We need to address issues such as how to turn our
ideas into a full Project Proposal and how to structure the Consortium.
Calls.
There
are two Calls which cover the areas in which we are interested;
Sustainable Development and also IST.
Sustainable
Development (Deadlines of March and October 2003)
This Call covers many topics but our main interests are outlined
below.
Objective
1. First Call - New Technologies and Concepts for All Surface
Transport Systems.
This topic is covered by IP's and STRePs. The Call text is separated
into Research Domains which set out areas of interest identified
by the Commission. Section 1.7 is possibly relevant to us and is
focused on the 'Integration and validation of measurements and sensing
technologies to ensure the optimised environmental operation of
both vehicle / vessel and infrastructure'.
Objective
2. Second Call - Advanced design and production techniques.
The two sections of this Call that may be of interest to us are
as follows. Section 2.1 on the 'Integration and standardisation
of enhanced product development' and Section 2.2 which covers the
'Application of Advanced Design and manufacturing techniques used
in vehicle production'. These are particularly of relevance due
to the fact that Section 2.1 is 'Integration' and 2.2 is 'Application'
and neither are 'development'.
Also 2.3 and
2.5 may be relevant at least for the aspects of preventative diagnosis.
Objective 4
4.13 Developing
integrated safety systems
4.14 Designing
user friendly driver interfaces
Call then discusses
what actions it wants.
CALL 1B - Instruments
Objective 1
- Research Domains 2.1 - 2.7 are only looking for CA's.
Research Domains
2.5, 2.6, 2.7 are looking for IP's. This is the only research domain
that fits our requirements and is applicable to automotive.
Research Domains
4.11 - 4.14 are requesting STRePs.
IST Calls
First Call
(Deadline April 2003)
2.3.1.1 e-Safety of Road and Rail Transport.
Apparently most car manufacturers are already involved in the EUCAR
project under this objective and we have very few details as to
their Project. This leaves us with two options. Firstly fit our
MBD project into the EUCAR Proposal, however Luca has discussed
this possibility with them and it does not seem likely; secondly
we ensure that we are not covering the same ground as their research
and put in our own Proposal to the Commission. This seems like the
more probable option, however Commission has stated that a solely
Automotive Project is unlikely to fit within FP6 but MBD is applicable
to many areas, so this should not be too much of a problem.
2.3.1.7 Semantic
system and Knowledge based systems. Could be applicable but this
is apparently a very popular area of research.
The Work Programme
gives the following description of this area;
- Knowledge-based adaptive systems, combining semantically enriched
content with "anytime-anywhere inferencing" in support
of knowledge-intensive, time-critical tasks, especially for modelling
and optimisation, automated diagnosis and decision-support.
Second Call (Deadline Oct 2003)
2.3.2.5 - Embedded Systems
Middleware is not applicable to us but the second area, under 'Concepts,
methods and tools', might be. The issue is whether the real-time
aspect is essential; if it is then this may not necessarily suit
our requirements. However a focus on 'by-wire' technology may provide
this link to real-time. MBD may offer the possibility of focusing
this topic to an area we can study, so this Objective is a possibility.
Discussion
of Three Main Objectives.
Transport
2.1 - 2.2
This area is a possibility but its focus is not really on the automotive
sector, but if there is the possibility of applying for a STReP
and not a CA, then this is an area worth considering. This change
of FP6 Instrument will be a question we must raise with the Commission.
EUCAR
We should try to find out what they are not looking at or find an
area with which we can compliment their research.
Semantic
Knowledge based systems.
This is a possibility
The
Way Forward
One
possibility is to aim the Project towards more than one Objective.
The Commission had stated that they are more than willing to accept
Proposals that address more than one Objective, but they strongly
advise that a primary objective is clearly identified. It is important
for us to decide what we want to do and then go to the Commission
for clarification.
The way forward
should be to go through the topics and identify what is important
and then identify groups within the meeting participants who can
address these issues, with the possibility of drafting a proposal
today before we begin to talk to the Commission.
We should look
at a proposal based on what we would do anyway and then design it
to fit the call. It is important for us to look at the manufacturing
people first and aim the project at increasing manufacturing competitiveness.
Look at needs and then service them.
Discussion
of the Four Research Topic Areas
Topics are as
follows
- Tools for knowledge management of technical knowledge via models.
- On-board systems; integration of control and diagnosis, software
solutions for the development of model-based diagnosis on-board.
- Model-based Testing of Embedded Systems.
- Preventative Diagnosis.
======================================================================
TOPIC 1:
Tools for Knowledge management of technical knowledge via models
1) The Problems
1. Huge amount of knowledge not represented / formalized / documented
or in heterogeneous / informal formats
i. Variants
ii. Different models of the same system
2. Modeling variants of systems
3. Exchange of models
2) Industry
Requirements
Standards for
1. Integration of different tools using models
2. Integration and exchange of models in standard formats
3. Ontology / semantic for modeling
4. Consistency of different models
5. Model maintenance tools / tools for edit / handle models
3) The Foreseen
Solutions
Technologies: develop solutions for
1. Model-based representation / standard languages
2. Content management
3. Libraries of models / re-use of models / model transformation
/ different views on a model (e.g. granularity, level of abstraction
/ task orientation / domain)
4. Meta modeling / ontologies
5. Model data warehouse / data mining
4) Benefits
1. Reduce cost on the overall product cycle
2. Shorter development time and time to market
3. Better products / Higher quality
4. Increased availability / accessibility / circulation of knowledge
across departments
5. Improved circulation of knowledge between manufactures and suppliers
6. Re-use of knowledge
7. Systematic approach to different tasks
8. Wider applicability (not only automotive sector)
5) Type of
Project / Potential Consortium (companies)
STReP
AUDI-VW, SEAT, CLEARSY, ROSE, OCC'M, ACTIA?, ………..
+ Academics (U. Paris, U. Torino, U. Aberystwyth, TU Munich, …..)
6) Link to
the Call
IST: 2.3.1.7 Semantic-based Knowledge Systems
SURFACE TRANSPORT - GOAL 2.1
===================================================================
TOPIC 2:
On-board systems; integration of control and diagnosis; software
solutions for the deployment of model-based diagnosis on-board.
1) The Problems
1. Increase efficiency and quality of service diagnostics for European
manufacturers on a global scale
2. Cost/effort in generating diagnostics to be put on the vehicle
3. Fitting diagnostic software on the ECU
4. Difficulty in having consistent on-board and off-board diagnosis
5. Distribute/multiplexed architecture need more diagnosis
6. X-by-wire requires more diagnosis
7. Safety requires more diagnosis
2) Industry
Requirements
1. Having standard process to derive on-board SW
2. Integrate control/diagnostics on-board
3. Scalability of solutions
4. Integrate on-board and off-board diagnosis … automatic suggestions
of tests to be performed off-board
5. Dealing with sporadic errors and with faulty fault codes
6. Adapt to the vehicle life
7. Automatic SW development
3) The Foreseen
Solutions
1. Define and develop a process to automate or support the development
of SW that really goes on-board based on models (MBD+FDI)
2. Possibly Using/Integrating other different technologies (NN,
CBR, ….) to achieve optimal diagnostic systems and to suggest tests
to be performed for diagnosing a system
3. Develop tools for the developers supporting this process
4) Benefits
1. Increased efficiency/quality of service diagnostics
2. Reduce cost to develop diagnostics for complex systems
3. Increased safety
4. Wider applicability (not only automotive)
5) Type of
Project / Potential consortium (companies)
STReP
BMW, AUDI-VW, DC, FIAT, TRIALOG, CLEARSY, ACTIA, OCC'M, ROSE
+ Academics (U. Paris, U. Torino, U. Aberystwyth, TU Munich, …..)
+ ASK BRIDGERS
6) Link to
the Call
IST: E-safety (relevant also for dependability and embedded systems?)
SURFACE TRANSPORT - GOAL 2.2, 4.13
===================================================================
TOPIC 3: Model-based testing of embedded systems.
1) The Problems
1. Difficulty to ensure the system specification of HW and SW systems
2. Checking the monitored system behavior against the specification
3. Cost of generating test cases
4. Test coverage
5. Variants and re-use the work
6. Problems with distributed architectures
2) Industry
Requirements
1. Ensure the system specification of HW and SW systems
2. Handle variants and re-use the work
3. Ensure coverage and minimality of test cases
4. Ensure testing of networked architectures
5. Automatic suggestion of tests
3) The Foreseen
Solutions
Develop tools to base testing on models
1. To check system behavior on models
2. To build reference models
3. To support the automatic generation of test cases covering all
relevant cases
Build interface to other tools
4. Input from other tools (requirement specification, …)
5. Traceability through the whole development process
4) Benefits
1. Reduced time and costs for testing -> reduce time to market
2. More reliable tests -> systems
3. Safer systems
4. Wider applicability (not only automotive)
5) Type of
Project / Potential Consortium (companies)
STReP
AUDI, SEAT, BMW, ROSE, OCC'M
+ Academics (U. Paris, U. Torino, U. Aberystwyth, TU Munich, …..)
6) Link to
the Call
IST: E-safety (relevant also for dependability and embedded systems?)
SURFACE TRANSPORT - GOAL 2.1, 2.2, 4.13
===================================================================
TOPIC 4:
Preventive Diagnosis.
1) The Problems
1. Failures can occur unexpected during operation time -> unexpected
downtime and availability of vehicle
2. Frequently wear is not recognized at early stage -> expensive,
environment-charging capital damages may occur
3. Maintenance for many components is done on a regular basis thus
wasting material/resources/costs
2) Industry
Requirements
1. Prevention of perceivable damage/faults of components/systems
2. Prevention of capital expensive/environment charging damages
3. Maintenance performed on a situation-based base generalized to
many components/systems
4. Detection of wear and potentially critical situations at a very
early stage
5. Solutions applicable to design phase, on-board algorithms and
after-sale service
3) The Foreseen
Solutions
1. Develop new methods for the detection of wear and faults at a
very early stage
2. Risk analysis methods for proper decisions about preventive refit
or repair actions to be taken
3. Integration of different techniques (models and MBD techniques,
pattern recognition, statistics, data mining, CBR, …)
4) Benefits
1. Improvement of vehicle safety and availability
2. Reduction of down-time and costs
3. Reduced environment impact, clean maintenance
4. Wider applicability (not only automotive)
5) Type of
Project / Potential Consortium (companies)
STReP
DC, FIAT, ACTIA, ROSE, FIRSTEARTH
+ Academics (U. Paris, U. Torino, U. Aberystwyth, TU Munich, …..)
6) Link to
the Call
IST: E-safety
SURFACE TRANSPORT - GOAL 4.13, 2.5
===================================================================
LINKS
BETWEEN THE 4 TO CREATE A UNIQUE IP
A set of solutions
and tools for supporting the automotive life cycle towards safer,
more reliable, environmentally friendly vehicles.
Topic 1 can
be regarded as a foundation for at least topics 2 and 3 (and possibly
topic 4)
Question
- Which kind of integration would be needed (one specific partner
devoted to that?)
What is the next Step?
Iain will take
the work done today and take it to the European Liaison Officers
and European Regional Offices to discuss these ideas with them.
Then we shall put together a plan to take to the Commission Desk
Officers, also we could mention this to David Callahan.
We should also
look into attracting more partners (FIAT & Renault, Peugeot-Citroen).
We should distribute this and ask them to get back to us.
Automotive
Meeting - DaimlerChrysler, Esslingen-a-N,
21st March 2003
Attendance
List
|
Names
|
Institution
|
email
|
| Pierre
Aubin |
ACTIA |
aubin@actia.fr |
| Bernard
Baker |
DaimlerChrysler
AG |
bernard.baker@daimlerchrysler.com |
| Fulvio
Cascio |
FIAT Research
Centre |
fulvio.cascio@crf.it |
| Luca Console |
Universita
di Torino |
luca.console@di.unito.it |
| Marie-Odile
Cordier |
IRISA |
Marie-Odile.Cordier@irisa.fr |
| Philippe
Dague |
University
of Paris 13 |
dague@lipn.univ-paris13.fr |
| Thierry
Lecomte |
CLEARSY |
thierry.lecomte@clearsy.com |
| Rüdiger
Lunde |
R.O.S.E
Informatik |
r.lunde@rose.de |
| Claudia
Picardi |
Universita
di Torino |
claudia.picardi@di.unito.it |
| Hervé Poulard |
ACTIA |
poulard@actia.fr |
| Belarmino
Pulido |
University
Vallodid |
belar@infor.uva.es |
| Bernd Rehfus |
DaimlerChrysler
AG |
bernd.rehfus@daimlerchrysler.com |
| Iain Russell |
MONET Network
of Excellence |
rir@aber.ac.uk |
| Georg Strobl |
R.O.S.E
Informatik |
g.strobl@rose.com |
| Peter Struss |
OCC'M Software |
struss@occm.de |
| Louise
Travé-Massuyés |
LAAS-CNRS |
louise@laas.fr |
Welcome by Bernd Rhefus
Introduction
of Bernard Baker - Project Manager for DC
Agenda
10.00 - Start of Meeting - Agenda & Introductions
10.10 - General Status Overview
10.20 - General Overview on Submission
10.30 - Technical Discussion and decisions on Project contents
- Contents
- Discussion of Reference to FP6 Work Programme
- Discussion of Keywords, characterizing the project
12.45 - Lunch
Role of Partners
Financial Aspects
Towards a Project Plan
17.00
General Status
Overview - STReP Presentation by Iain
[Slides]
Technical
Contents - Presentation by Bernd
[Slides]
Break down
of Potential Project Areas - Luca
[Slides - Word
Doc]
ACTIA - Project
Breakdown Proposal - Herve
[Slides]
(Ligeron SA)
Discussion
of the Project Structure
General Overview
on Submission - Bernd (Project proposal Docs A1 - A3)
Documents
A1 - Abstract
(word) (pdf)
A2 - Partners
(word) (pdf)
A3 - Finaces
(word) (pdf)
Proposal
Guidance Notes (word)
(pdf)
|
A1- Abstract
|
DC |
1
page |
by
27/03 |
| A2
- Partners |
Partners |
1
page |
|
| A3
- Finances |
DC
/ Partners |
1
page |
|
| B1
- Scientific Objectives |
DC |
3
page |
|
| B2
- Relevance to IST |
DC |
3
page |
|
| B3
- Potential Impact |
DC |
3
page |
|
| B4
- Project Resources |
DC
(framework) + Partners |
5
page |
|
| B5
- Project Management |
DC
|
3
page |
|
| B6
- Work Plan |
DC
(skeleton) + Partners |
|
by
27/03 |
| B7
- Other Issues |
|
|
|
MONET
Automotive Meeting Minutes, Herrsching
13th February 2004
| Present:
|
|
| Luca
Console |
Universita'degli
studi di Torino |
| Philippe
Dague |
Université
Paris 13 |
| Rudiger
Lunde |
R.O.S.E.
Informatik GmbH |
| Andreas
Malik |
Elektroniksystem
und Logistik GmbH |
| Rob
Milne |
Intelligent
Applications Ltd |
| Chris
Price |
University
of Wales, Aberystwyth |
| Belarmino
Pulido |
Universidad
de Valladolid |
| Bernd
Rehfus |
DaimlerChrysler |
| Iain
Russell |
Monet
Project Office |
| Reinhard
Schieber |
AUDI
AG |
| Neal
Snooke |
University
of Wales, Aberystwyth |
| Peter
Struss |
TUMunich
and OCC'M GmbH |
| Janet
Thomas |
Monet
Project Office |
| Louise
Travé-Massuyés |
LAAS-CNRF |
| |
|
| Apologies:
|
|
| Fulvio
Cascio |
Centro
Ricerce FIAT |
Agenda
- Report on
Commission evaluations for Call 1 and 2 (by Monet Manager)
- Overview of the proposal submitted in October and of the evaluation
reports
- Overview of the next calls
- Commission expectations for Call 3 and 4 (by Monet Manager)
- Overview of the project drafts discussed in previous meeting and
of new potential project themes
- Planning the next steps
- AOB
RIR Presented
FP6 Update
Contents:
- Call
3
- WorkProgramme Revision Timetable.
- Evaluation
- End Users
- S&T Excellence
- Embedded Systems
- Future Strategic Objectives
Call 3
The third IST
Call is to be a corrective Call & joined with NMP. 22nd May
to 22nd Sept and will mainly include measures to increase the inclusion
of the following:
- ACC
- Accession Candidate Countries
- SME - Small to Medium Size Industries
- INCO - International Cooperation Countries
- ERA - European Research Area (Horizontal Research Activities)
The Call is
likely to include adding partners to existing projects, and a stress
on instruments sympathetic to these groups (STRePs). The technical
content is likely to be an extract from the existing WorkProgramme.
WorkProgramme
Revision Timetable.
February - March
- Full analysis of results and lessons learnt from 1st and 2nd Call
March - April - Wide Thematic consultations with Industry and academia
- Expert Advisors required
April - May - Major Consolidated input from ISTC, ISTAG, national
research directors and other groups
May - July - Input from ex-post 5 year evaluation of FP5, review
of new FP6 Instruments, e-Europe mid term review etc.
September - DRAFT TEXT
November - IST CONFERENCE (Envisaged Formal Release)
December - Publish Call 4
Evaluation
Main reasons
that proposals failed in the first two calls were;
1. Not 'directly' answering the Call Text / Work Programme (WP).
WP relevance is given a much higher priority than S&T Excellence.
a. IP must answer the entire WP Paragraph.
b. STReP must answer most of the WP Paragraph.
2. No End Users. Evaluators were told to look for this especially.
3. Weak Consortium. This is important as it does not mean quality
of consortium members individually, but means that the whole supply
chain (Evaluators like this phrase) was not represented.
It is important
to remember that Evaluators get about one hour to review the proposal
so they have to 'skim' though it. Evaluators claim that they know
whether a proposal has passed or failed in the first 2 - 5 minutes.
Some evaluators claim that during evaluation discussions, many evaluators
stated that the research ideas had been 'boring!'
2% failed due
to being ineligible. Some failed because Proposers did not click
the 'SUBMIT' button after entering all their details through electronic
submission.
End Users
Evaluators are
told to look for proposals which address End Users and issues like
'How many potential users are there for your product?'
Impact (used
by the WP a lot) means impact to End Users (not technology itself)
and the proposal must focus on this. However the proposal must also
identify 'how' the impact will be realised and evaluators will be
looking for;
1. Who will get these results into use?
2. Who will get the product to market and how?
Evaluators state
that they mark down a project that just looks like a big company
sharing the workload. If the Company (or even University) could
do the work itself then it will not get funded, so remember to stress
the 'essential European cooperation' and a good way is to show the
requirement for mobilisation of resources across Europe (i.e. Partners).
S&T Excellence
Proposals need
one clearly identifiable objective, with clearly stated time scales.
One Evaluator suggested a very good example was "Before the
decade is out, we will put an American on the Moon and return him
to Earth safely" J. F. Kennedy, May 1961. In other words the
objectives and timescales are clearly described in something not
much longer than the project title - Remember 'Evaluators claim
that they know whether a proposal has passed or failed in the first
2 - 5 minutes.'
Proposals often
fall down on their description of the State-of-the-Art, this is
very important for S&T Excellence. Sometimes this is not included
at all, but more often than not proposal writer states what they
(and the consortium) are doing. The Commission however wants the
State-of-the-Art to be what everyone in the World is doing.
Projects that
will bring a competitive edge against US and / or Japan are especially
favoured.
Embedded Systems
Was headed by
Kostas Glinos (Very clued in) although moving to FET
- 111 proposals
- 430 M€ requested
- 50 - 50 Industry Academia
- Budget available >50 M€
- 5 - 6 IP's & NoE's / c. 10 other projects.
23rd March 2004
- Embedded systems - Consultation Workshop. Brussels.
Future Strategic
Objectives
There has not
been a confirmation that any SO will be repeated. Some we know will
be - Embedded Systems. However, all units within DG 3 were represented
in the SO's for Calls 1 & 2 and therefore it seems sensible
to assume they will be again.
FP6 Discussion
There is plenty
of time to consider proposals. The draft WorkProgramme (WP) is likely
to be out soon, however the formal release is not likely to be until
the IST Conference in November 2004. The meeting was reminded, however,
that relevance to the WP is the single most important factor in
FP6 Project Evaluation and with the Commission currently offering
a consultation process on Strategic Objectives (SO's) it is important
to become involved. We should attempt to influence the process and
work towards the inclusion of our technologies in the revised WorkProgramme.
Commission Officers
are very willing to discuss ideas and so when a rough draft of the
project focus has been completed it will be very useful to discuss
this with them.
Discussion
of Pre-Dic Project Evaluation
Many comments
on the Evaluation form were very general and not too specific /
much use in re-writing the proposal. In some circumstances we only
got positive comments but were given a 3½ and not higher.
The lack of real time issues was the only real negative comment.
On the opposite
end of the scale our Potential Impact was criticised for lack of
dissemination but then we scored a 4½, which is strange.
Consortium was also criticised for lack of communication and control,
but again we scored 4½.
We got a 3½
for Relevance; and so maybe Pre-Dic did not completely fit the Embedded
Systems WP objectives; Diagnostics are a little outside the objectives.
The additional
information we have is that about 30 projects passed the selection
process although we are not sure how these were ranked. The Pre-Dic
project was ranked 21 and we think that the first 15 or so will
get funding.
Both PREDIC
and OEDECOS got 3½ for management categories. This is one
area that we should easily be able to improve, for example the C.V.s
of the proposed co-ordinators were not included. Another criticism
of OEDECOS was that this was a space application and they thought
the automotive side was weak and would therefore not be generic
enough. This was possibly because it is difficult to define the
objective of autonomy correctly for vehicles.
Another proposal
(the DICOS Project - an IP) made it past the first stage but we
have been unable to get detailed feedback. There was no reply from
the project co-ordinator but we believe that it is still under negotiation
and an official statement is expected in February. It is hoped that
if this gets funding it will become part of the landscape with respect
to future projects.
Projects
Topics
Our proposals
are generally good so we should take these and consider revising
them based on the feedback we received and on our continued work
in these areas. The projects must closely reflect the new call text,
although we do not know what this is going to be yet. If we become
involved in the WP consultation process we may be able to push certain
topics either individually or via MONET. Consider discussion with
EUCAR and see if the areas that they promote overlap with ours.
If our proposals
are technology driven, then we are working the wrong way around
and we need to focus on the requirements of the end user. Rather
than find / provide a model-based project, we could look at the
ones EUCAR are advocating. We need to get in touch with EUCAR and
find out what is going on and how to get involved, this way we may
have the best chance of getting involved with influencing policies.
Fulvio has tried to contact EUCAR; at the time they stated their
prime aim was involvement with Safety and Surface Transportation.
AP1 - MONET
should try to arrange a meeting, invite EUCAR and ask them to present
their topics of interest and we could present how our technology
could fit, compliment etc.
We need to remember
that the Commission Evaluators are not necessarily experts in the
field and so the wording of any proposal must reflect this.
If we are to
try to influence the WP content then we need to be clear on the
topics we want to push and to do this we should produce a half page
document in the style of a proposal brief. The Commission appears
happy to spend (not waste) time if anyone wants to go and see them
to discuss projects and likely outcomes. They will usually be happy
to supply about an hour of their time. Any chance we have of influencing
this process will be considerably better if we agree on the topics
as a consortium and all push for the same outcome. There is a need
to focus on other technologies outside our original ideas but whatever
technologies we present it must be done in terms of their 'Impact'
especially on Benefits to end user / combined industry of EU / etc.
If we want to
have such an influence, there is not all that much time. We need
to consider the EUCAR meeting and other activities we wish to adopt.
We already have our list of topics and we should focus on these.
Topics
1. Tools for
Knowledge Management of Technical Knowledge via Models
2. On-Board Systems: Integration of Control and Diagnosis; Software
Solutions for Deployment of Model-based Diagnosis On-Board
3. Model-based Testing of Embedded Systems
4. Preventative Diagnosis
One partner
should take one topic and produce a half page document about it.
Topic 1:
Tools for Knowledge Management of Technical Knowledge via Models
The panel discussed
the issue of whether we needed to widen the scope of this topic
to include non-MBD expertise and to show we can solve their problems
as well as our own. The panel felt that it was best if we simply
identified an interesting topic / project, but stayed mostly within
our own community and only brought specific people in if the project
required it and would benefit from us doing so. It was also suggested
that as all the topics appear to only include Model-based Diagnosis
whether the size of our group was appropriate. It was agreed that
this was depended on whether the projects aims were to produce tools
or standards. For standards, the group would obviously have to be
widened quite considerably.
Another question
was raised asking that if we did approach 'Standards' then would
we need to investigate non-Modelling technologies. The groups thought
that this was not necessarily the case. Although sticking to our
expertise was more appropriate the project could be widened by incorporating
the integration and combination of tools and this would be the case
whether they were model-based or not.
One method of
producing such a 'Global perspective' in a project may be to cover
interfaces in the models and not necessarily standards as there
are very few common interfaces at present. Common standards do exist
between communications ECU's, but not in our area. If we take this
path then it would be very important to include the suppliers. There
was an initiative which involved some EU effort to describe ECU's
and their functionality. If we chose this global approach then we
would need to establish a connection to those activities. We could
approach this area through a semantic based project by creating
links and standards. This would be difficult and could take up to
two years to achieve anything but has the potential to considerably
reduce product development time.
The panel all
agreed that the topic was still very relevant, but that it could
be broader than just Automotive. The topic could also potentially
be integrated into another project. One fact that remains is that
engineers do not want an additional tool; anything we produce needs
to be integrated from the start into the design process / tools.
It could also be misleading to talk about a 'tool'. The aim of the
project would be a method of integrating different tools and models,
from whatever source. Some kind of plug-in would be acceptable.
Further work
on this kind of application should look at the integration of models,
which is one of the major problems facing distributed modelling.
When companies receive information from suppliers (for the same
vehicle) the interface is often very different. A common process
needs to be established.
All present
agree that there is a need and an interest in this topic. ESG GmbH
and R.O.S.E. GmbH will look into refining this topic.
Topic 2:
On-Board Systems: Integration of Control and Diagnosis; Software
Solutions for Deployment of Model-based Diagnosis On-Board
The emphasis
of this topic should be on-board diagnosis and the methods required
to derive the models and shape the process. However we need to identify
a clear goal. We should use a focused title that explains the integration
of Control and Diagnosis and also the process / solution, in a few
short words. The panel agree that this is an essential area and
that it requires development, but we may want to consider whether
we should approach people outside our group with expertise in this
field, for example Control and Diagnosis experts. We know that some
manufacturers are putting a great deal of effort into this topic
and not just with the usual model-based diagnosis people.
This sort of
project could be viewed as a step towards autonomy of system response,
although we have not yet considered the reconfiguration aspect,
which is the element that gives real autonomy. Renault already has
a project looking into a transport platform to inform the driver
of a vehicle that there is a problem. This system could, for instance,
inform the driver to go slowly and return immediately to the garage;
it could then transmit information about the car, so when the car
arrives at the garage, the mechanic is ready to diagnose the problem.
This data could also be used to assess wear and tear on car parts
and the system could also use this information for better future
diagnosis.
A lot of the
interest in this area is in introducing the diagnosability part
of the technology into all (but especially earlier) areas of the
lifecycle. When designing an electronic brake system, for instance,
you need to know to add new sensors based on sensor signal information
sent from the units already in operation.
Distributed
diagnosis is also an issue that presents problems. Many of our industry
contacts report that they are quite good at designing control systems
but not good at distributed diagnosis. The diagnosis they use is
still very local. Although some problems will obviously be fixed
locally some need a much more global view. Porsche have been investigating
these interactions; they have been looking into how many ECU's can
reflect a single problem. Ford is also interested in this area.
There are three
basic aspects to this topic and we need to look at whether we split
the topic down into these areas or integrate them all into one.
- Integrated
control / diagnosis
- Homogenous solutions - on / off board diagnosis
- Distribution - local or remote diagnosis
We are aware
that Volvo is currently investigating their understanding of control.
Like other companies they are writing software that works successfully
if all components are working correctly. Most manufacturers are
now investigating 'Fault tolerant' Control. In other words a robust
control process, not explicit diagnosis, but one that will still
deliver a correct response even if it is some of the control / diagnosis
systems that are faulty.
Another aspect
is to investigate the use of tests. In most practical applications
model-based diagnosis is only done if sensor signals are received,
i.e. unexpectedly. Engine control systems could be designed to carry
out specific tests to determine if a problem exists. This could
be one method of achieving 'Fault tolerant' Control. This is a very
wide area and could be fruitful to explore. By running on-board
(driver unaware) tests we could get more information on mechatronic
systems in order to get a better diagnostic result. We could then
investigate if this information could be integrated into the overall
Control and Diagnosis process / lifecycle.
The panel agrees
that there is a need for research and that model-based diagnosis
can make a considerable contribution to solving very real problems
in this area. This area will be co-ordinated by LIPN and LAAS.
Topic 3:
Model-based Testing of Embedded Systems
The idea behind
this topic is to ascertain how we can test complex systems. At present
we are unable to check a whole range of computer systems using a
single tool. AUDI are very committed to this process and we know
that BMW and DC also have an interest, although BMW are not sure
if they have time, at present, to commit to a project.
The panel feels
that more automotive research is needed at EU level and that this
is an area that is not strongly represented in the Framework Programme.
This situation could, of course, be improved by the involvement
of the panel in the consultation process for the content of the
next WorkProgramme.
We are aware
that rail companies have the same problems as automotive companies
in this topic area and we could use this to facilitate communication
between the domains. The fact remains that everybody who uses embedded
systems has these same problems.
We should try
and design a process that looks at the whole system, identifies
where to test and predicts the test results of the 'correctly functioning'
system. The results and the predicted results can then be compared
to accurately assess the reliability of the system. Usually this
testing process is carried out by human operators and so mistakes
are possible, although there are some tools currently being used
to remove some of the human elements.
The panel decide
to keep this topic but we should look into the possibility of building
up a library to enable more / better testing. We must remember that
our goal is not just 'a software tool' but a "silver box"
which will be capable of modelling and testing the whole car. In
the long term we would like the system to be capable of modelling
the entire lifecycle of the vehicle and also the entire production
process / plant.
Testing specifications
and state machines to check hardware and software could also form
a part of this topic. If you only test specifications, then faults
in the hardware or the process can occur if the specifications are
not completely accurate. The assumption historically has been that
the specifications are correct; this system should be able to test
the specifications themselves during the design process. It would,
of course, be easier to do this at a low level, but modelling separately
at different levels may create faults. AUDI are looking into this
on a higher level, i.e. for car behaviour, if this is static behaviour
it should be able to be modelled and used to test system functionality
through reverse engineering.
The real challenge
would be to integrate existing systems and not merely to supply
new ones. Testing is currently done on diagnostic interfaces at
a very basic level of functionality; the functionality of the complete
system is not tested. We could also consider testing strategies
such as discriminibility analysis; which gives solutions similar
to failure modes of software. The issue of checking test covering
of hardware components could also fall within this area, given the
linked sub-projects across the main project lifecycle; this issue
is of great importance for production processes.
The overall
problem remains the systems ability to identify faults. In other
words, are the specifications wrong or are they just wrongly implemented.
Currently tests are being written by human operators who have the
faults they wish to test in mind. We need to find a system to overcome
this. To do this we must also look at issues such as;
- How
to capture models?
- What should models look like?
- Who supplies the models?
- What will they cost?
The panel believe
that this topic is still of considerable importance, both on its
own and because of its potential effect on every other stage of
design and production. This topic will be co-ordinated by AUDI AG
and OCC'M GmbH.
Topic 4:
Preventative Diagnosis
This was the
area in which our FP6 project was proposed; we should learn from
the issues raised by the Evaluation Panel and take this work forward.
We shall investigate restructuring this topic and identify the different
aspects it contains and consider whether it is best to split this
into several areas, or to keep these topics clustered.
Other Topics
Arising from the Questionnaire
- Knowledge
Management
Falls within Topic 1
- Open System Architecture
What could be contributed by the model-based community
Lots of work going on in this area, but not model-based
- Telediagnosis
Suppliers want to know (as soon as possible) what the problems are
and how to fix them
-Remote diagnosis
Falls within topic 2
AP2: Jnt to
type up minutes and circulate.
Closing Discussion
There are no
new topics proposed by the panel but we shall ask for input from
the rest of Task Group.
We must now
prepare and distribute the proposals and try to get the topics into
the next Calls.
We should also
look for partners within our existing activities and investigate
support from EUCAR.
Workshops to
determine final text of WP for next Calls.
-
Embedded systems 23rd March 2004 - Workshop in Brussels
- Control systems 24th March 2004 - Workshop in Brussels
AP3: Rir to
find out if EUCAR will be present at Embedded Systems Workshop and
if they would like to meet to discuss mutually beneficial research
avenues.
The Co-ordinators
of each topic shall consider whether to revise their topic and then
produce a summary document. These are to be less than a page long,
preferably about half a page and should also contain a three line
impact statement. To be sent to Luca by the end of February.
Topic 1 Co-ordinated
by ESG GmbH and ROSE GmbH
Topic 2 Co-ordinated by LIPN and LAAS
Topic 3 Co-ordinated by AUDI AG and OCC'M GmbH
Topic 4 Co-ordinated by Turin University
AP4: Topic Co-ordinators
to produce half page summary of project area.
AP5: We need
someone to present at Brussels Embedded Systems Workshop.
AP6: Rir to
find out as much as possible about Brussels Embedded Systems Workshop
as soon as possible.
AOB
Date of Next
Meeting. Possibly September; to coincide with Baden-Baden Conference.
MONET will consider taking a stall and then have the meeting the
day after.
AP1 MONET should try to arrange a meeting, invite EUCAR and
ask them to present their topics of interest and we could present
how our technology could fit, compliment etc.
AP2 Jnt to type up minutes and circulate.
AP3 Rir to find out if EUCAR will be present at Embedded
Systems Workshop and if they would like to meet to discuss mutually
beneficial research avenues.
AP4 Topic Co-ordinators to produce half page summary of project
area.
AP5 We need someone to present at Brussels Embedded Systems
Workshop.
AP6 Rir to find out as much as possible about Brussels Embedded
Systems Workshop as soon as possible.
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